Understanding
Understanding bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mood condition characterized by episodes of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood (mania or hypomania) alternating with periods of depression. Bipolar I includes full manic episodes; bipolar II includes hypomania (a milder elevated state) and depression. Cyclothymia is a chronic, lower-grade variant.
Bipolar is one of the most commonly misdiagnosed psychiatric conditions. People often present in a depressive episode and are diagnosed with major depression, then experience a hypomanic shift on antidepressant monotherapy that complicates their course. An accurate diagnosis requires a careful history of mood across the lifespan. Not just a snapshot of the present moment.